Every computing system, biological or synthetic, from cells to brains to laptops, has a cost. This isn’t the price, which is easy to discern, but an energy cost connected to the work required to run a ...

What if the thermal noise that hinders the efficiency of both classical and quantum computers could, instead, be used as a power source? What if computers could make use of the noise instead of ...

A large computer company such as Microsoft · Google · Facebook operates a huge data center. In data centers with large numbers of computers and servers, the problem of "cooling" is important, and it ...

Researchers at the Santa Fe Institute and elsewhere have spent decades developing a thermodynamic theory of computation, but previous work on the energy cost has focused on basic symbolic computations ...